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<br><br>Housing supply is produced using land, labour, and various inputs such
as electricity and building materials. The quantity of new supply is
determined by the cost of these inputs, the price of the existing stock
of houses, and the technology of production. For a typical single
family dwelling in suburban North America, approximate percentage costs
can be broken down as: acquisition costs 10%, site improvement costs
11%, labour costs 26%, materials costs 31%, finance costs 3%,
administrative costs 15%, and marketing costs 4%. Multi-unit
residential dwellings typically break down as: acquisition costs 7%,
site improvement costs 8%, labour costs 27%, materials costs 33%,
finance costs 4%, administrative costs 17%, and marketing costs 5%.
Public subdivision requirements can increase development cost by up to
3% depending on the jurisdiction. Differences in building codes account
for about a 2% variation in development costs. However these
subdivision and building code costs typically increase the market value
of the buildings by at least the amount of their cost outlays. A production function
such as Q=f(L,N,M) can be constructed in which Q is the quantity of
houses produced, N is the amount of labour employed, L is the amount of
land used, and M is the amount of other materials. This production
function must, however, be adjusted to account for the refurbishing and
augmentation of existing buildings. To do this a second production
function is constructed that includes the stock of existing housing,
and their ages, as determinants. The two functions are summed yielding
the total production function. Alternatively an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedonic_regression" title="Hedonic regression">hedonic pricing</a> model can be regressed.<br>